Attenuators are kind of a mixed bag. There are two types: resistive and reactive. The resistive types are just a bunch of power resistors wired so that they dissipate heat. The Tom Scholtz Power Soak is an example of this
The reactive types use either a coil or a speaker motor (Weber) to simulate the reactance of a speaker. Weber's MASS and Mini-MASS are examples.
The resistance is important because your tube amp needs to have some kind of load, be it a speaker or a bunch of resistors.
Some amps, like Fender are traditionally more tolerant when using attenuators, others like Marshall tend to blow up output transformers.
Remember, running your amp full out into a speaker attenuator is kind of confusing because the amp is putting out maximum power, but the level is low so that it doesn't seem like the amp is working hard at all. At the very least, you will wear out tubes a lot faster, as Kiteman says.
I used to own several of the Power Soaks, and now have a Mini-MASS. The don't really sound that good at low volumes. Attenuators are useful for knocking down a few dB to get a better OD sound at lower volumes, but they don't work well for for whisper quiet volumes.
For low volume OD, you may want to try out this product, the VVR3:
http://www.hallamplification.com/main.html?src=/#2,2
I've never tried it, but others have said that it works well. If you can't perform the install, you will definitely want to have a tech install it.
redgibson said:
There seems to be a mix of literature on the web proclaiming an attenuator will possibly ruin your amplifier, blw your tubes etc, and the converse that they are just fine. Anyone have a personal experience one way or the other? I'd like to crank my HRDx into creamy tube nastyness and not melt my neighbor's face off. (apartment living...) thinking something like the Dr. Z Brake Lite, says it supports up to 45 watt amps so I sneak just under at 40watts. Bring on the tales of flaming amp death OR complete apartment jammin' bliss as woman tone belts from the speaker in a happy and safe manner